Have and have not

Korean has no separate verb for possession. To say you have water it says that water exists, with you understood as the place where it exists, so 물 있어요 covers both 'there is water' and 'I have water'. The thing that exists is the subject, which is why, when a marker appears, it is day 4's 이/가: 물이 있어요. And as with 모르다 on day 5, the negative is a verb of its own, 없어요, not 있어요 with a not in front.

None of these sentences says who has the time, and none needs to. Korean leaves out anything the situation already makes clear, so I, you and it disappear from most everyday speech. 시간 있어요? to a friend can only mean 'do you have time', and 시간 있어요 in reply can only mean 'I do'. Markers drop out in the same way in conversation, which is why you hear 시간 있어요 far more often than 시간이 있어요.

Korean builds many descriptions this way: a noun that names a quality, plus 있다 or 없다 to say whether the quality is present. 재미있어요 is 'fun exists' and 맛없어요 is 'taste does not exist', where English needs separate adjectives such as fun and boring, tasty and tasteless. Because each pair shares its noun, learning one word gives you its opposite for free. The two parts have fused into a single word, written without a space, and they now behave as one descriptive verb.