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Before and after you eat

Day 12 of 90~10 minThe set phrases around a meal and saying what it tastes like
Romanisation help

Today covers the two phrases that bracket every Korean meal, and the words for how food tastes. By the end you can thank whoever cooked or paid, say whether something is spicy, sweet or salty, check a dish before you order it, and say you are hungry or full.

The two meal phrases

Say the first before you pick up your spoon and the second when you put it down:

jal meokgetseumnida
Thank you for the meal (before eating).
Literally 'I will eat well'. Say it to whoever cooked or is paying, or simply to the table as everyone starts.
jal meogeotseumnida
Thank you for the meal (after eating).
Literally 'I ate well'. Say it to the host, and to the owner on your way out of a small restaurant.
masitge deuseyo
Enjoy your meal.
What the cook, host or server says to you. 드세요 is a respectful 'please eat', which comes on day 26; for now you only need to recognise it.
mani deuseyo
Eat plenty.
A host's way of pressing food on you. 잘 먹겠습니다 is the right reply.
Why it works

The two phrases are one sentence in two tenses. 잘 means 'well', 먹 is the stem of 먹다 'to eat', and the difference is one small piece in the middle: 겠 looks ahead, 었 looks back. Both then end in the formal -습니다 that 감사합니다 uses on day 1, which is why they sound a notch more formal than the rest of today. What they actually express is thanks, so you say them to the person who made or paid for the food, not to yourself.

How it tastes

Taste words are verbs, so each one is a complete sentence on its own:

masisseoyo
It's delicious.
From day 7: 맛 'taste' plus 있어요, 'there is taste'. You will say this more than anything else at a meal.
maewoyo
It's spicy.
From 맵다. The ㅂ turns into 워, a change you will meet properly on day 25.
darayo
It's sweet.
From 달다. Korean cooking is often sweeter than visitors expect, especially sauces and bread.
jjayo
It's salty.
From 짜다. Soups and stews can taste salty on their own because they are meant to be eaten with rice.
Why it works

English says 'it is spicy', with an adjective after 'is'. Korean has no separate adjective here: 매워요 on its own already means 'is spicy', a describing verb in the same -요 form as 있어요. That is why one word makes a whole sentence, and why you never add 이에요 to it. The subject is dropped because it is obvious you mean the food in front of you. Add day 11's 좀 to hedge: 좀 매워요, 'it's a bit spicy'.

Checking a dish, and how you feel

A question worth asking, a word worth avoiding, and your stomach:

an maewoyo?
It's not spicy, is it?
The usual way to check a dish before you order. 안 in front of a verb makes it negative; day 21 covers it fully.
madeopseoyo
It doesn't taste good.
맛 plus day 7's 없어요, said madeopseoyo because the ㅅ becomes a ㄷ sound before it links. It is blunt, so you will rarely need it.
baegopayo
I'm hungry.
배 is 'stomach', so this is closer to 'my stomach is hungry'.
baebulleoyo
I'm full.
The polite way to turn down a third helping: say it with a smile and a hand over the bowl.
Why it works

Asking 안 매워요?, 'it's not spicy?', rather than 매워요?, 'is it spicy?', tells the server which answer you are hoping for, so they know you want something mild. Listen carefully to the reply. Korean 네 agrees with the question as asked, so 네 here means 'right, it is not spicy', which is good news, and 아니요, 좀 매워요 means it is. English 'yes' and 'no' follow the facts instead, which is why this catches English speakers out for months.

mul jom juseyo
Could I have some water, please?
pojanghae juseyo
Can I have it to take away?
gyesanhae juseyo
Can I pay, please?
gwaenchanayo.
It is fine. / I am fine. / No, thank you.

📋 Today’s words 12

jal meokgetseumnida
Thank you for the meal (before eating).
jal meogeotseumnida
Thank you for the meal (after eating).
masitge deuseyo
Enjoy your meal.
mani deuseyo
Eat plenty.
masisseoyo
It's delicious.
maewoyo
It's spicy.
darayo
It's sweet.
jjayo
It's salty.
an maewoyo?
It's not spicy, is it?
madeopseoyo
It doesn't taste good.
baegopayo
I'm hungry.
baebulleoyo
I'm full.

Check yourself

8 questions. Get 5 right to finish the day.

🖌 Writing practice optional